Non-Invasive Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Patients Without Diabetes: Use in Cardiovascular Prevention-A Systematic Review

Sensors (Basel). 2025 Jan 1;25(1):187. doi: 10.3390/s25010187.

Abstract

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) might provide immediate feedback regarding lifestyle choices such as diet and physical activity (PA). The impact of dietary habits and physical activity can be demonstrated in real time by providing continuous data on glucose levels and enhancing patient engagement and adherence to lifestyle modifications. Originally developed for diabetic patients, its use has recently been extended to a non-diabetic population to improve cardiovascular health. However, since data in this population are scarce, the effect on cardiovascular outcomes is unclear. CGM may offer potential benefits for cardiovascular prevention in healthy individuals without diabetes. The aim of this systematic review is to evaluate the use of CGM in healthy non-diabetic individuals, focusing on its potential to guide lifestyle interventions in the context of cardiovascular prevention, which may ultimately reduce cardiovascular risk.

Keywords: CGM; cardiovascular prevention; cardiovascular risk; continuous glucose monitoring; diet; exercise; glycemic variability; healthy adults; non-diabetic; physical activity; postprandial glycemia.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring* / methods
  • Blood Glucose* / analysis
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / blood
  • Cardiovascular Diseases* / prevention & control
  • Continuous Glucose Monitoring
  • Diabetes Mellitus
  • Exercise
  • Humans
  • Life Style

Substances

  • Blood Glucose