Consensus and guidelines on diagnosis and management of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) from the Asia-Pacific Vitreo-retina Society (APVRS)

Paisan Ruamviboonsuk; Danny S C Ng; Voraporn Chaikitmongkol; Andrew Chang; Shih-Jen Chen; Youxin Chen; Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung; Fumi Gomi; Robyn Guymer; Judy E Kim; Adrian Koh; Gregg T Kokame; Chi-Chun Lai; Timothy Y Y Lai; Won Ki Lee; Yuichiro Ogura; Srinivas Sadda; Kelvin Y C Teo; Tien Yin Wong; Yasuo Yanagi; Dennis S C Lam

doi:10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100144

Consensus and guidelines on diagnosis and management of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) from the Asia-Pacific Vitreo-retina Society (APVRS)

Asia Pac J Ophthalmol (Phila). 2025 Jan-Feb;14(1):100144. doi: 10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100144. Epub 2025 Jan 15.

Authors

Paisan Ruamviboonsuk¹, Danny S C Ng², Voraporn Chaikitmongkol³, Andrew Chang⁴, Shih-Jen Chen⁵, Youxin Chen⁶, Chui Ming Gemmy Cheung⁷, Fumi Gomi⁸, Robyn Guymer⁹, Judy E Kim¹⁰, Adrian Koh¹¹, Gregg T Kokame¹², Chi-Chun Lai¹³, Timothy Y Y Lai¹⁴, Won Ki Lee¹⁵, Yuichiro Ogura¹⁶, Srinivas Sadda¹⁷, Kelvin Y C Teo¹⁸, Tien Yin Wong¹⁹, Yasuo Yanagi²⁰, Dennis S C Lam²¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Rangsit University, Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand. Electronic address: paisan.trs@gmail.com.
² The C-MER Dennis Lam & Partners Eye Center, C-MER International Eye Care Group, Hong Kong.
³ Department of Ophthalmology, Retina Division, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
⁴ Sydney Retina Clinic, Sydney Eye Hospital, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
⁵ Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
⁶ Department of Ophthalmology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
⁷ Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
⁸ Department of Ophthalmology, Hyogo Medical University, Hyogo, Japan.
⁹ Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, The Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
¹⁰ Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.
¹¹ Eye & Retina Surgeons, Camden Medical Centre, Singapore, Singapore.
¹² Division of Ophthalmology, Department of Surgery, University of Hawaii School of Medicine, Honolulu, HI, USA.
¹³ Department of Ophthalmology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan; College of Medicine, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
¹⁴ Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
¹⁵ Nune Eye Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
¹⁶ Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya City University, Nagoya, Japan.
¹⁷ Doheny Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹⁸ Singapore National Eye Centre, Singapore, Singapore; Duke-NUS Medical School, National University of Singapore, Singapore; Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore.
¹⁹ Singapore Eye Research Institute, Singapore, Singapore; Beijing Visual Science and Translational Eye Research Institute, School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
²⁰ Department of Ophthalmology and Microtechnology, Yokohama City University, Yokohama, Japan.
²¹ The Primasia International Eye Research Institute of The Chinese University of Hong Kong (Shenzhen), Shenzhen, China. Electronic address: dlam.pub.pieri.cuhk.sz@gmail.com.

PMID: 39824255
DOI: 10.1016/j.apjo.2025.100144

Abstract

A panel of 21 international experts are formed by the Asia-Pacific Vitreo-retina Society to work out the consensus and guidelines on polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV). PCV is a common subtype of neovascular age-related macular degeneration and is more prevalent in Asian populations. Recent advancement in imaging technology allows greater understanding of the disease process of PCV. Furthermore, non-indocyanine green angiography features in optical coherence tomography angiography have been validated for PCV diagnosis and treatment response monitoring. Clinical trials provide new data on the safety and efficacy of various anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) agents as well as protocols that aim to improve the sustainability of treatments. In view of the myriads of emerging information, the panel gathered, reviewed, discussed, formulated and voted on the consensus and guidelines of PCV on four areas: 1) disease entity, 2) investigation and diagnosis, 3) treatment options, and 4) management protocol and future development in a five-point Likert scale (strongly agree, agree, neutral, disagree and strongly disagree). We proposed using a consensus score in which the maximum was 100. The summation of the respective "percentages" of experts voting for "agree" or "strongly agree" would be counted as the actual score. Consensus was achieved when the actual score of 75 or more was reached, which meant at least 75 % of the experts had voted for "strongly agree" or "agree" on the consensus statement concerned.

Keywords: Asia-Pacific Vitreo-retina Society (APVRS); Consensus and guidelines; Consensus score; Diagnosis and management; Polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).

Publication types

Consensus Development Conference

MeSH terms

Angiogenesis Inhibitors / therapeutic use
Asia
Choroid Diseases* / diagnosis
Choroid Diseases* / therapy
Choroid* / blood supply
Choroidal Neovascularization* / diagnosis
Choroidal Neovascularization* / therapy
Consensus*
Disease Management*
Fluorescein Angiography / methods
Humans
Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy
Polyps* / diagnosis
Polyps* / therapy
Practice Guidelines as Topic*
Societies, Medical*
Tomography, Optical Coherence / methods

Substances

Angiogenesis Inhibitors