Pudendal Neuralgia: A Review of the Current Literature

Abstract

Purpose of review: This paper aims to review pudendal neuralgia pathophysiology, risk factors, diagnosis, and treatment options.

Recent findings: Conservative and pharmacologic options are first line treatments for the treatment of pudendal neuralgia. Interventional treatment such as, pudendal nerve blocks can be tried if first line treatments feel to provide adequate analgesia. If pudendal nerve blocks provide sufficient relief but have a short duration, decompressive surgery may be considered. Neuromodulation is also a viable option. Emerging techniques such as pulsed radiofrequency ablation, cryotherapy, lipofilling, and repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation are promising; however, more studies are needed to evaluate safety and effectiveness. Current study data is generally poor, and unstandardized. Further research is needed to identify the optimal treatment approach and evaluate the effects of pudendal neuralgia on mental health and quality of life.

Keywords: Pudendal nerve; Pudendal nerve block; Pudendal neuralgia; Sacral neuromodulation; Surgical decompression; Treatment.