Complete remissions were obtained with low dose cytosine arabinoside (ARA-C) in 8 of 21 previously untreated patients with ANLL above 60 years of age and in 2 of 4 previously treated patients below 60 years of age. 7 of the patients remain in remission after 1-26 months. The results demonstrate that low dose ARA-C with rather low toxicity may induce remissions in elderly patients with ANLL.