Considerations for more actionable consensus guidance for monitoring individuals with islet autoantibody-positive pre-stage 3 type 1 diabetes. Reply to Mallone R [letter]
Diabetologia. 2025 Apr;68(4):892-895.
doi: 10.1007/s00125-024-06350-x.
Epub 2025 Feb 12.
1 The Jesse Z and Sara Lea Shafer Institute for Endocrinology and Diabetes, National Center for Childhood Diabetes, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tikva, Israel.
2 Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
3 Institute of Diabetes Research, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Munich-Neuherberg, Germany.
4 Forschergruppe Diabetes, Technical University Munich, Klinikum Rechts Der Isar, Munich, Germany.
5 Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Department of Pediatrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
6 Stanford Diabetes Research Center, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.
7 Breakthrough T1D (formerly known as JDRF), Gainesville, FL, USA. aaoneill@breakthrought1d.org.
8 Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
9 University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
10 Charles Perkins Centre and Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
11 Breakthrough T1D (formerly known as JDRF)/Wellcome Diabetes and Inflammation Laboratory, Wellcome Centre Human Genetics, Nuffield Department of Medicine Oxford NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
12 Oxford Children's Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
13 Center for Regenerative Therapies Dresden, Faculty of Medicine, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany.
14 Paul Langerhans Institute Dresden, Helmholtz Centre Munich at the University Clinic Carl Gustav Carus of TU Dresden and Faculty of Medicine, Dresden, Germany.
15 The Institute of Genetics and Cancer, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
16 Department of Public Health, NHS Fife, Kirkcaldy, UK.
17 Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
18 Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
19 Endocrinology and Diabetes Department, Women's and Children's Hospital, Adelaide, SA, Australia.
20 Discipline of Paediatrics & Child Health, School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Medicine & Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
21 NOVA Medical School, Lisbon, Portugal.
22 Breakthrough T1D (formerly known as JDRF), New York, NY, USA.
23 International Society for Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD), Berlin, Germany.
24 Pediatric Clinic/Centre Hospitalier de Luxembourg, Luxembourg City, Luxembourg.
25 Faculty of Science, Technology and Medicine, University of Luxembourg, Esch-Belval, Luxembourg.
26 T1D Exchange, Boston, MA, USA.
27 Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö, Lund University CRC, Malmö, Sweden.
28 Department of Pediatrics, Skåne University Hospital, Malmö, Lund, Sweden.
29 Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA.
30 Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, Hassenfeld Children's Hospital at NYU Langone Health, New York, NY, USA.
31 Center for Interventional Immunology and Diabetes Program, Benaroya Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
32 Sanford Research, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.
33 Department of Pediatrics, Sanford School of Medicine, University of South Dakota, Sioux Falls, SD, USA.
34 Pacific Northwest Diabetes Research Institute, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA.
35 Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida Diabetes Institute, Gainesville, FL, USA.
36 Division of Endocrinology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL, USA.
37 Department of Paediatrics, University of Cambridge and Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
38 Human Development and Health, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK.
39 Southampton National Institute for Health Research Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
40 Department of Pediatrics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
41 Association of Diabetes Care & Education Specialists, Chicago, IL, USA.
42 Medical Psychology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
43 Endocrine Society, Washington, DC, USA.
44 Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, University of Pittsburgh, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
45 Department of Pediatrics, Kristianstad Hospital, Kristianstad, Sweden.
46 Department of Paediatric Diabetes and Endocrinology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.
47 Department of Endocrinology, University Hospitals Gasthuisberg Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
48 Department of Family Medicine, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, USA.
49 Center for Public Health Genomics, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA.
50 Division of Endocrinology, Long Island Jewish Medical Center, Northwell Health, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, New Hyde Park, NY, USA.
51 Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetology, Herman B Wells Center for Pediatric Research, Center for Diabetes and Metabolic Diseases, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
52 Diabetes Research Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL, USA.
53 Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Baystate Children's Hospital and University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School - Baystate, Springfield, MA, USA.
54 Research Unit of Clinical Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Medical Research Center, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
55 The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
56 Department of Diabetes and Endocrinology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
57 Paediatric Endocrinology, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
58 Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Rainbow Babies and Children's Hospital, Cleveland, Ohio, USA.