Cardiovascular diseases are the major cause of death globally and require ubiquitous monitoring due to their asymptomatic yet modifiable nature. Photoplethysmography is an effective optical sensing technique for non-invasive health monitoring. However, its reliance on the current relatively large and rigid inorganic semiconductor-based light-emitting diodes and silicon photodiodes hampers high-resolution integration thus restricts a sensing from single measurement point. So, it limits detectable biomarkers to monitor cardiovascular diseases in a ubiquitous manner. In order to facilitate, here we report a single smartphone type multi-functional cardiovascular health monitor based on the massive array of organic photodiodes integrated into the most user interactive display device. Therefore, we achieved: 1) multi-point concurrent photoplethysmography and high-resolution dynamic image sensing, and 2) user-interactive sensing within the large display area. These advancements enabled new functions, including high-accuracy screening for cardiovascular diseases, blood pressure monitoring from both fingers, monitoring of finger blood vessels and flow dynamics, and single-device-based biofeedback. Applied machine learning enhanced diagnostic accuracy, with pilot studies showing results comparable to medical-grade devices. As a result, we believe smartphones harnessing the sensor organic light-emitting diode display could evolve into mobile health monitors and digital therapeutics thus revolutionizing diagnostic and treatment.
© 2025. The Author(s).