Histone acetylation, particularly H3 K27 acetylation (H3K27ac), is a critical post-translational modification that regulates chromatin structure and gene expression, which plays a significant role in various cancers, including breast, colon, lung, hepatocellular, and prostate cancer. However, the mechanisms of H3K27ac in tumorigenesis are not yet comprehensive, especially its epigenetic mechanisms. This review endeavors to discuss findings on the involvement of H3K27ac in carcinogenesis within the past 5 years through a literature search using academic databases such as Web of Science. Firstly, we provide an overview of the diverse landscape of histone modifications, emphasizing the distinctive characteristics and critical significance of H3K27ac. Secondly, we summarize and compare advanced high-throughput sequencing technologies that have been utilized in the construction of the H3K27ac epigenetic map. Thirdly, we elucidate the role of H3K27ac in mediating gene transcription. Fourthly, we venture into the potential molecular mechanism of H3K27ac in cancer development. Finally, we engage in discussing future therapeutic approaches in oncology, with a spotlight on strategies that harness the potential of H3K27 modifications. In conclusion, this review comprehensively summarizes the characteristics of H3K27ac and underscores its pivotal role in cancer, providing valuable insights into its potential as a therapeutic target for cancer intervention.
Keywords: H3K27ac; cancer; epigenetic marker; mechanisms; therapeutic targets.
What is this review about? This review is about the role of a specific epigenetic marker, known as H3K27ac, and its significance in the development of various types of cancer. It discusses the latest research on this topic, explains how this change affects gene activity, and explores its potential implications for future cancer treatments.Therapeutic approaches: It discusses future directions for cancer treatment that might involve targeting H3K27ac – HAT inhibitors and HDAC inhibitors.The role of H3K27ac in mediating gene transcription: Co-involvement of pioneer factors, enhancer-promoter loops and related cofactors.Molecular mechanisms of H3K27ac in cancer development: It delves into the genetic mutation and epigenetic mechanisms by which H3K27ac might contribute to various types of cancer.Therapeutic approaches: It discusses future directions for cancer treatment that might involve targeting H3K27ac – HAT inhibitors and HDAC inhibitors.What is this review mean? The review synthesizes existing research to provide a comprehensive overview of H3K27ac’s role in cancer and its potential as a therapeutic target, offering valuable insights for scientists and clinicians working in the field of oncology.