Reminders embedded in PCI reports to optimize discharge diabetes mellitus care (REMIND-DM): Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics

Am Heart J. 2025 Jul:285:12-20. doi: 10.1016/j.ahj.2025.01.020. Epub 2025 Feb 21.

Abstract

Background: Despite the robust clinical evidence base supporting their role for high-risk patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and concomitant cardiovascular disease, prescription of sodium-glucose co-transporter-2 (SGLT2) inhibitors and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RA) remains suboptimal. Clinical encounters occurring in the period post angiography may present a key opportunity to improve implementation in high-risk patients with T2DM.

Methods: Reminders EMbedded IN PCI Reports to Optimize Discharge Diabetes Mellitus Care (REMIND-DM) is a pragmatic, prospective, cluster randomized quality improvement study in patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing angiography and was run as a quality improvement initiative. Following a 6 month "baseline period", REMIND-DM randomized 23 participating percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) sites (caring for 7,045 patients over the study period) within the Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan Cardiovascular Consortium (BMC2) quality improvement collaborative to either usual care or a quality improvement intervention consisting of a templated PCI report "reminder" of medication eligibility linked to a decision support tool. Sites were followed for a 6 month "evaluation period." The primary outcome is the new prescription of SGLT2 inhibitor or GLP-1RA among eligible patients at discharge after PCI. To examine the effectiveness of the intervention, primary analyses will be conducted using a difference-in-difference design examining changes in new cardioprotective therapy prescription from baseline to the evaluation periods in both arms.

Conclusions: The REMIND-DM implementation trial has enrolled a large, high-risk population of patients with T2DM and will determine the effectiveness of a low touch QI intervention within BMC2 implemented in the post-PCI period to improve timely prescription of risk lowering therapies in high-risk patients with T2DM.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Pragmatic Clinical Trial

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Coronary Angiography
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / complications
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / drug therapy
  • Female
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Discharge*
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention*
  • Prospective Studies
  • Quality Improvement
  • Reminder Systems*
  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors* / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists
  • Sodium-Glucose Transporter 2 Inhibitors