Margin Status and Recurrence in Surgically Treated Patients With HPV+ Oropharyngeal Cancer

Laryngoscope. 2025 Aug;135(8):2777-2782. doi: 10.1002/lary.32091. Epub 2025 Mar 4.

Abstract

Background: The optimal margins for surgically treated human papilloma virus (HPV)-related oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) remain undefined. We evaluated the impact of surgical margins on progression-free survival (PFS) in patients with HPV+ OPSCC treated with primary transoral robotic surgery (TORS).

Methods: Patients undergoing primary TORS from May 2012 to December 2021 for intermediate-risk (T1-T2, resected to clear (≥ 3 mm) or close margins (< 3 mm), and N1-N2) HPV+ OPSCC were included. Survival outcomes were reviewed, and overall and PFS at 3 years posttreatment were determined using Kaplan-Meier analysis.

Results: A total of 69 subjects met inclusion criteria. At a median follow-up of 47 months, overall survival (OS) was 100%, and the PFS was 88.9% for the entire subject group. Among subjects not receiving adjunctive radiotherapy (RT), those with close margins had an OS of 100% and a PFS of 100% (median follow-up 47 months). Subjects with clear margins had an OS probability of 100% and a PFS probability of 100% (median follow-up 47 months).

Conclusion: In subjects undergoing TORS for HPV+ OPSCC, clear margins did not confer a significant OS or PFS survival advantage compared to those with close margins, even when adjuvant therapy was omitted.

Keywords: HPV+ oropharyngeal cancer; oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma; resection margins; survival outcomes; transoral robotic surgery.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* / surgery
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* / virology
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Margins of Excision*
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local* / epidemiology
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms* / mortality
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms* / pathology
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Oropharyngeal Neoplasms* / virology
  • Papillomaviridae
  • Papillomavirus Infections* / complications
  • Progression-Free Survival
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Robotic Surgical Procedures* / methods