Monochorionic Twin Gestation

Taylor Pitt; Ramen H Chmait; Martha A Monson

doi:10.1097/GRF.0000000000000927

Monochorionic Twin Gestation

Clin Obstet Gynecol. 2025 Sep 1;68(3):366-382. doi: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000927. Epub 2025 Mar 5.

Authors

Taylor Pitt^{1

2}, Ramen H Chmait³, Martha A Monson^{1

2}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, University of Utah Health.
² Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Intermountain Health, Salt Lake City, Utah.
³ Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

PMID: 40042414
DOI: 10.1097/GRF.0000000000000927

Abstract

Care of the pregnant patient with monochorionic (MC) twin gestation entails specific steps that are imperative in recognizing complications that are unique to MC placentation. Here, we will review recommendations for care of the patient with known MC twin gestation, as well as discuss the pathophysiology, diagnosis, and management of these complications including, but not limited to, twin-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS), twin anemia-polycythemia sequence (TAPS), selective fetal growth restriction (SFGR), and twin reversed arterial perfusion (TRAP) sequence.

Keywords: SFGR; TAPS; TRAP sequence; TTTS; monochorionic twins; selective fetal growth restriction; twin anemia-polycythemia sequence; twin-twin transfusion syndrome.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Anemia / diagnosis
Anemia / therapy
Female
Fetal Growth Retardation / diagnosis
Fetal Growth Retardation / therapy
Fetofetal Transfusion* / diagnosis
Fetofetal Transfusion* / physiopathology
Fetofetal Transfusion* / therapy
Humans
Polycythemia / diagnosis
Polycythemia / therapy
Pregnancy
Pregnancy, Twin*
Twins, Monozygotic*
Ultrasonography, Prenatal