Changes in menopause-specific quality of life between women with transdermal estradiol versus oral estrogens: results of a randomized controlled trial

Gynecol Endocrinol. 2025 Dec;41(1):2484213. doi: 10.1080/09513590.2025.2484213. Epub 2025 Apr 1.

Abstract

Objective: To compare the efficacy of oral and transdermal estrogens in improving the quality of life in perimenopausal and recently postmenopausal women.

Methods: 257 women aged 40-55 years, within three years after their final menstrual period were randomized to receive transdermal oestrogel (t-E2) (n = 128) or oral estradiol valerate (o- E2V) (n = 129; both with micronized progesterone 200 mg for 14 days each month). Menopausal symptoms were recorded at screening and at 4, 12, and 24 weeks post-randomization. Menopausal symptoms were evaluated using the Menopause-Specific Quality of Life (MENQOL) questionnaire.

Results: Significant improvements of MENQOL scores were observed in both groups compared with baseline. The decrease of MENQOL scores after treatment showed almost no difference between the two groups (p > 0.05) except the VMS domain which indicated a better result in oral estrogen group after 24 weeks.

Conclusions: This study showed that both transdermal and oral estrogens were highly effective in relieving the overall menopausal symptoms for recently-menopausal women, with little difference in treatment efficacy between the two routes.

Keywords: Menopausal hormone therapy; menopause; menopause-specific quality of life; oral estrogen; transdermal estrogen.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Cutaneous
  • Administration, Oral
  • Adult
  • Estradiol* / administration & dosage
  • Estradiol* / analogs & derivatives
  • Estrogen Replacement Therapy* / methods
  • Estrogens* / administration & dosage
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Menopause* / drug effects
  • Menopause* / psychology
  • Middle Aged
  • Quality of Life*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Estradiol
  • Estrogens