Fenoprofen calcium (2,400 mg/day) or aspirin (3,900 mg/day) was administered in double-blind fashion to 20 rheumatoid patients during 6 months of gold induction therapy, and to 20 rheumatoid patients not receiving gold. Among both the gold-treated and nongold-treated patients, the fenoprofen and aspirin groups improved equally in all but one parameter of disease activity. Fenoprofen and aspirin did not differ significantly in the observed prevalences of abdominal discomfort, guaiac-positive stools, or peptic ulcers. Aspirin was associated with significantly higher mean serum glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (SGOT) levels than fenoprofen, but only among patients undergoing gold induction. Comparison of efficacy parameters between patients treated with gold and patients treated with oral drugs alone revealed significant differences favoring gold.