Can kisspeptin be a new treatment for sexual dysfunction?

Trends Endocrinol Metab. 2025 Nov;36(11):976-984. doi: 10.1016/j.tem.2025.03.002. Epub 2025 Apr 5.

Abstract

The neuropeptide kisspeptin activates the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal (HPG) axis and influences neural circuits controlling sexual behavior. Animal studies have determined its sex-specific roles in reproductive behaviors, whereas human research has linked kisspeptin to increased brain activity in regions associated with sexual and emotional processing, making it a potential treatment for disorders of sexual desire. Here I discuss the current evidence on the promise of kisspeptin as a therapy for sexual dysfunction, highlight the challenges currently hindering its application, and advocate future studies focusing on sex-specific effects and interactions within the neuroendocrine system. Understanding its broader physiological roles and improving delivery methods will be key to unlocking kisspeptin's therapeutic potential.

Keywords: GnRH; amygdala; gonadotropins; hypothalamus; kisspeptin; olfaction; sexual motivation.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / drug effects
  • Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / metabolism
  • Kisspeptins* / therapeutic use
  • Male
  • Sexual Dysfunction, Physiological* / drug therapy
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins* / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Kisspeptins
  • KISS1 protein, human
  • Tumor Suppressor Proteins