Addressing Disparities in Alzheimer's Disease-Related Healthcare Through Understanding Factors Contributing to Perceived Vulnerability Among Latinos in Northern Manhattan: A Qualitative Report

Abstract

Introduction: US Latinos face an increased prevalence of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Identifying factors contributing to Latinos' perceived vulnerability to AD can help clinicians and researchers target disparities in AD healthcare and education for a minority population that is disproportionately impacted by AD. By better understanding perceived vulnerability, which can influence health and help-seeking behaviors, healthcare providers can more effectively aid Latino communities.

Methods: We conducted semi-structured interviews in English or Spanish with 216 Latino participants (average age 53 years) living in northern Manhattan to assess perceived vulnerability of AD. Interviews were 70-95 min and were transcribed, coded, and thematically analyzed across the "perceived vulnerability" code.

Results: Factors influencing perceived vulnerability to AD among Latinos were organized into three key categories: predisposing factors, psychosocial factors, and self-perceptions. Family history and perceptions of aging were common reasons that participants believed they were likely or unlikely to develop AD.

Discussion: With a culture-specific analysis of factors influencing perceived vulnerability to AD among Latinos, clinicians can allay unnecessary concerns and researchers can disseminate more accurate information and health recommendations across Latino populations.

Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov ID: NCT04471779. Date Registered: July 15, 2020.

Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease; Genetic testing; Latinos; Perceived vulnerability; Qualitative research.