Analysis of high-risk factors for hepatocellular carcinoma after sustained virological suppression of chronic hepatitis B

BMC Cancer. 2025 Apr 8;25(1):635. doi: 10.1186/s12885-025-14015-0.

Abstract

Chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients who have sustained virological suppression (SVS) still develop hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC), and the risk factors for developing HCC in these patients are not fully understood. This study included a total of 5234 patients who achieved SVS. After SVS, the incidence rate of HCC was 1.9% in 1-8 years and 1.33% in 9-16 years. There was a significant difference between the two periods (P < 0.001). After 1-8 years and 9-16 years of SVS, after multivariate analysis and IPTW adjustment, the factors related to the occurrence of HCC were men, hypertensive patients, diabetes patients and high FIB-4 scores. In summary, patients with CHB who have achieved SVS may still develop HCC. Among them, men, hypertensive patients, diabetes patients and high FIB-4 scores should be listed as the key monitoring objects of HCC. Clinical trial number: Not applicable.

Keywords: Chronic hepatitis B(CHB); Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC); Risk factor; Sustained virological suppression (SVS).

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* / epidemiology
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* / etiology
  • Carcinoma, Hepatocellular* / virology
  • Female
  • Hepatitis B virus
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic* / complications
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic* / drug therapy
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic* / epidemiology
  • Hepatitis B, Chronic* / virology
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Liver Neoplasms* / epidemiology
  • Liver Neoplasms* / etiology
  • Liver Neoplasms* / virology
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Sustained Virologic Response

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents