Converting Blastocrithidia Nonstop, a Trypanosomatid With Non-Canonical Genetic Code, Into a Genetically-Tractable Model

Mol Microbiol. 2025 Jun;123(6):586-592. doi: 10.1111/mmi.15365. Epub 2025 Apr 9.

Abstract

Blastocrithidia nonstop is a protist with a highly unusual nuclear genetic code, in which all three standard stop codons are reassigned to encode amino acids, with UAA also serving as a sole termination codon. In this study, we demonstrate that this parasitic flagellate is amenable to genetic manipulation, enabling gene ablation and protein tagging. Using preassembled Cas9 ribonucleoprotein complexes, we successfully disrupted and tagged the non-essential gene encoding catalase. These advances establish this single-celled eukaryote as a model organism for investigating the malleability and evolution of the genetic code in eukaryotes.

Keywords: CRISPR‐Cas9; codon reassignment; genetic code; model organism; trypanosomatids.

MeSH terms

  • Catalase / genetics
  • Codon, Terminator / genetics
  • Genetic Code* / genetics
  • Protozoan Proteins / genetics
  • Trypanosomatina* / genetics

Substances

  • Codon, Terminator
  • Catalase
  • Protozoan Proteins