Retraction Note: Visual-Syntactic Text Formatting: Developing EFL Learners' Reading Fluency Components

J Psycholinguist Res. 2025 Apr 10;54(2):24. doi: 10.1007/s10936-025-10136-6.

Authors

Wei Gao¹, Ehsan Namaziandost^{2

3}, Mohammad Awad Al-Dawoody Abdulaal^{4

5}

Affiliations

¹ College of Teacher Education, Taishan University, Shandong, 271000, China.
² University of Applied Science and Technology (UAST), Khuzestan, Iran. e.namazi75@yahoo.com.
³ Mehrarvand Institute of Technology, Abadan, Iran. e.namazi75@yahoo.com.
⁴ Department of English, College of Sciences and Humanities, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al- Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
⁵ Department of English, Faculty of Arts, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt.

PMID: 40208481
DOI: 10.1007/s10936-025-10136-6

No abstract available

Publication types

Retraction Notice