Objective: On July 13, 2023, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a progestin-only oral contraceptive pill (OCP) for over-the-counter (OTC) use without an age restriction. Prior to this approval, we launched a qualitative study with Black and Latinx young people to inform access to an OTC OCP. Here we present findings related to knowledge gaps and information needs and preferences.
Study design: From April 26 to July 27, 2023, we held eight in-person focus groups (prior to the FDA approval) and one virtual focus group (after the FDA approval) with 65 pregnancy-capable young people aged 15-24 years (median 18 years) who identified as Black and/or Latinx. Community partners in Los Angeles, CA, Syracuse, NY, and Jackson, MS recruited participants from youth-serving programs and via social media. Authors double-coded focus group transcripts and analyzed the data thematically.
Results: Participants largely did not know that an OTC OCP was possible. Many participants wanted to learn about an OTC OCP from health care providers and consult with a provider for follow-up as needed. Participants wanted to know about effectiveness and side effects, including at point-of-sale. Some participants had misconceptions about the safety of OCPs in general.
Conclusions: Findings suggest that Black and Latinx young people want information about an OTC OCP from providers. Providers can help support equitable access to an OTC OCP by educating young people about OTC availability and the safety and effectiveness of this option regardless of cost or location. Such education can address broader misconceptions about OCPs.
Implications: Results can inform efforts to increase awareness of an OTC OCP among Black and Latinx young people. Health care providers should provide information about effectiveness and side effects of this option.
Keywords: Health care provider; Health education; Oral contraception; Over-the-counter.
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