Gastrointestinal Tract Perineuriomas and Benign Fibroblastic Polyps: Case Report and Comprehensive Systematic Review

Ahmad F Alenezi; Haitham Jahrami; Yonca Kanber; Talat Bessissow

doi:10.1155/crgm/1636142

Gastrointestinal Tract Perineuriomas and Benign Fibroblastic Polyps: Case Report and Comprehensive Systematic Review

Case Rep Gastrointest Med. 2025 Mar 9:2025:1636142. doi: 10.1155/crgm/1636142. eCollection 2025.

Authors

Ahmad F Alenezi¹, Haitham Jahrami², Yonca Kanber³, Talat Bessissow⁴

Affiliations

¹ Department of Medicine, McGill University, 3605 Rue de La Montagne, Montreal H3G 2M1, Quebec, Canada.
² Department of Government Hospitals, Ministry of Health, Road 2909, Salmanyia, Manama, Bahrain.
³ Department of Pathology, McGill University Health Centre, 1001 Boul. Décarie, Rm E04.4130, Montreal H4A3J1, Quebec, Canada.
⁴ Division of Gastroenterology, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Avenue Cedar, #C7-200, Montreal H3G 1A4, Quebec, Canada.

Abstract

Background: Perineurioma is a rare benign peripheral nerve sheath tumor that can arise in various body locations. In the gastrointestinal (GI) tract, perineuriomas are uncommon and have only been reported in case reports and case series. In addition, a new classification suggests reclassifying benign fibroblastic polyps as perineurioma when they show positive markers of perineurial differentiation. Objective: This study aims to enhance understanding of GI tract perineuriomas by presenting a new case and conducting a systematic literature review. Methods: We described a new case of colonic perineurioma and systematically reviewed all case reports and case series on GI perineuriomas and benign fibroblastic polyps with perineurial markers. We searched ScienceDirect, PubMed/MEDLINE, and Web of Science up to May 2024. Results: A total of 148 cases were analyzed, and most of the cases were published in the last decade (2014-2024). The majority were females (59.46%), with a mean age of 51 years (standard deviation [SD] ±14.87). Most GI perineuriomas (87.5%) were in the distal colon, predominantly in the sigmoid/rectosigmoid (56%) and rectum (14%). Outside the colon, the stomach was the most affected site (7 of 10 cases), with fewer cases in the small intestine and esophagus. The two most commonly performed stains were for epithelial membrane antigen (EMA) and glucose transporter 1 (GLUT-1), at 75% and 56% of cases, respectively. Noncolonic perineuriomas were generally larger and more symptomatic than colonic ones. Submucosal polyps were more likely symptomatic than mucosal polyps. Conclusion: Perineurioma in the GI tract is a rare benign polyp mainly identified in the distal colon. Its rarity and limited follow-up data restrict our understanding of recurrence rates. We recommend reporting uncommon polyp locations, detailing polyp morphologies, and using at least two markers for classification.

Keywords: benign fibroblastic polyps; case report; case series; gastrointestinal tract; perineurioma; systematic review.

Publication types

Case Reports