Effect of buccal acupuncture therapy on the incidence of postoperative delirium in older adults undergoing orthopedic lower limb surgery: A randomized controlled trial

J Psychosom Res. 2025 May:192:112129. doi: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2025.112129. Epub 2025 Apr 7.

Abstract

Objective: This study evaluated the effect of perioperative buccal acupuncture therapy on the incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients who underwent orthopedic lower limb surgery.

Methods: This was a single-center, prospective, randomized controlled trial. A total of 120 elderly patients (aged ≥65 years) scheduled for elective orthopedic lower limb surgery were randomly assigned to the intervention group (n = 60, buccal acupuncture 30 min before anesthesia induction until the end of surgery and for 30 min each day for the first 2 postoperative days) or the control group (n = 60, no buccal acupuncture). The primary outcome was delirium during the first 7 postoperative days. The secondary outcomes included delirium severity, duration, and subtype; intraoperative total consumption rate of sufentanil and remifentanil; interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and norepinephrine in venous blood; the total number of electronic analgesia pump compressions; nausea and vomiting in 48 h; postoperative pain score; postoperative hospital stay, and postoperative adverse event rates.

Results: The data of 120 patients were collected. The incidence of delirium during the first 7 postoperative days was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (27 % [16/60] vs. 12 % [7/60]; relative risk, 0.44; 95 % confidence interval, 0.19-0.99; P = 0.037). Intraoperative total consumption rate of sufentanil and remifentanil, postoperative pain scores, and the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting were significantly lower in the intervention group.

Conclusion: Buccal acupuncture can reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium in elderly patients who undergo orthopedic lower limb surgery.

Keywords: Buccal acupuncture; Elderly; Postoperative delirium; Postoperative pain.

Publication types

  • Randomized Controlled Trial

MeSH terms

  • Acupuncture Therapy* / methods
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Delirium* / epidemiology
  • Delirium* / prevention & control
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Incidence
  • Lower Extremity* / surgery
  • Male
  • Orthopedic Procedures* / adverse effects
  • Postoperative Complications* / epidemiology
  • Postoperative Complications* / prevention & control
  • Postoperative Pain
  • Prospective Studies