IntroductionOvarian cancer (OC) remains one of the most lethal gynecological malignancies, primarily due to challenges in early detection and the consequent poor prognosis. Genetic predisposition plays a critical role in OC development, with the Glutathione Peroxidase 1 (GPX1) gene receiving increasing attention. The GPX1 gene polymorphism rs1050450 has been implicated in various cancers, potentially through its impact on oxidative stress mechanisms.ObjectiveThis study aimed to investigate the association between the GPX1 (rs1050450) polymorphism and the risk of developing OC in a Turkish population.MethodsA retrospective case-control study was conducted involving 90 women diagnosed with OC and 90 healthy controls. Genotyping of the GPX1 (rs1050450) polymorphism was performed using real-time PCR (RT-PCR). Statistical analyses were conducted using the SPSS software, with chi-square and t-tests applied where appropriate.ResultsThe CC genotype of the GPX1 (rs1050450) polymorphism was significantly associated with a reduced risk of OC (P = 0.002; OR = 0.304; 95% CI = 0.161-0.577), whereas the TT genotype was linked to an increased risk, demonstrating a threefold elevation in susceptibility (P = 0.036; OR = 3.308; 95% CI = 1.024-10.682). Additionally, the T allele was associated with an approximately threefold increased risk of developing OC (P = 0.0002).ConclusionThese findings suggest that the GPX1 (rs1050450) polymorphism may play a significant role in OC susceptibility, with the CC genotype offering potential protective effects and the TT genotype indicating increased risk. This genetic variant may serve as a useful marker for assessing OC risk; however, further studies involving larger and more diverse populations are needed to validate these results.
Keywords: genetic susceptibility; glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1); ovarian cancer; oxidative stress; rs1050450.
Ovarian cancer (OC) is one of the deadliest gynecological cancers, largely due to its late diagnosis and poor prognosis. Several factors contribute to the development of OC, including genetic susceptibility. Glutathione Peroxidase 1 (GPX1) is an important antioxidant enzyme that protects cells from oxidative stress, which can damage DNA and contribute to cancer development. However, the role of GPX1 in ovarian cancer remains unclear, as it may either suppress or promote tumor growth depending on the context. A specific genetic variation in the GPX1 gene, known as rs1050450, has been linked to the risk of several types of cancer. In this study, we investigated whether this genetic variant is associated with an increased or decreased risk of ovarian cancer in Turkish women. Our findings suggest that women who carry the CC genotype of the GPX1 gene may have a lower risk of developing ovarian cancer, while those with the TT genotype may face a higher risk. Understanding the impact of genetic factors like GPX1 on ovarian cancer could help improve early diagnosis and guide personalized treatment strategies. However, additional research involving larger and more diverse populations is necessary to confirm these results and explore their clinical relevance.