Effects of Progressive Resistance Training on Cardiovascular Risk Factors in People With Progressive Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract

Objective: To explore the natural fluctuations in cardiovascular risk factors over a 16-week extended baseline period and to investigate the effect of a 16-week progressive resistance training intervention on cardiovascular risk factors in people living with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.

Design: Secondary analysis of a single-arm nonrandomized clinical trial with extended baseline.

Setting: Outpatient physiotherapy and rehabilitation clinics.

Participants: 30 people living with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (mean age, 54 years; 67% female).

Interventions: 16-week progressive resistance training intervention (PRT).

Main outcome measures: Systematic COronary Risk Estimation (SCORE), Framingham Risk Score, and individual cardiovascular risk factors (ie, anthropometrics, blood pressure, lipids and lipoproteins, and glycemic controls markers) measured at week 0 (baseline), week 16 (extended baseline), and week 32 (post-PRT).

Results: Despite significant improvement in muscle strength after PRT, PRT did not yield statistically significant or clinically relevant changes in any of the cardiovascular risk parameters. Natural fluctuations during the extended baseline period were small, with intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) values ranging from 0.717 to 0.983, except for systolic blood pressure (ICC: 0.471).

Conclusions: Our findings indicate that a 16-week PRT program did not lead to improvements in cardiovascular risk among individuals with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. The observed natural fluctuations in cardiovascular risk factors were small in this population, with overall baseline cardiovascular risk comparable to Dutch norms.

Keywords: Exercise; Heart disease risk factors; Rehabilitation; Reproducibility; Resistance training.