Biosynthesis of Silver and Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Using Platostoma palustre Aqueous Extract for Biomedical Applications

IEEE Trans Nanobioscience. 2025 Oct;24(4):421-433. doi: 10.1109/TNB.2025.3563382.

Abstract

This study highlights the structural, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs), synthesized successfully using Hsiantsao aqueous extract as an eco-friendly alternative to traditional chemical methods. The antioxidant activity of the nanoparticles was assessed through DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The XRD spectra of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) and zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnONPs) are showed size average of 7 nm and 24-44 nm, respectively. AgNPs demonstrated notable antioxidant properties, achieving 70%±0.68 DPPH scavenging and 75%±0.82 ABTS inhibition at 0.1 mg/mL. ZnONPs showed superior efficacy, with 47.43%±0.68 DPPH scavenging and 80%±0.82 ABTS inhibition, as well as robust reducing power in the FRAP assay, comparable to standard ascorbic acid. Antibacterial assays revealed that AgNPs were particularly effective against Gram-positive bacteria, while ZnONPs exhibited activity against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative strains. Additionally, ZnONPs demonstrated exceptional anti-inflammatory potential, inhibiting protein denaturation by up to 91% at 0.01 mg/mL. These structural and functional characteristics position AgNPs and ZnONPs as promising candidates for biomedical applications. These findings underscore the versatility of AgNPs and ZnONPs in advancing modern healthcare solutions.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents / pharmacology
  • Antioxidants / chemistry
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology
  • Green Chemistry Technology
  • Metal Nanoparticles* / chemistry
  • Mice
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Plant Extracts* / chemistry
  • Silver* / chemistry
  • Silver* / pharmacology
  • Zinc Oxide* / chemistry
  • Zinc Oxide* / pharmacology

Substances

  • Silver
  • Zinc Oxide
  • Plant Extracts
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Antioxidants
  • Anti-Inflammatory Agents