Electrifying evidence: Ten years of fatal encounters with electricity at Tygerberg mortuary

Abstract

Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of electrical fatalities in the Eastern Metropole of the City of Cape Town from 2013 to 2022. It explores demographic, geographic, and seasonal patterns, circumstances surrounding death, and pathological findings to understand the nature of these fatalities comprehensively. This study can provide insights to assist governmental agencies in enhancing safety awareness and developing effective strategies to prevent electrical-related fatalities.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive study was conducted and included all cases of electrocution-related deaths admitted to Tygerberg Forensic Pathology Services Mortuary from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2022.

Results: One hundred and forty-five cases were included in this study, with an annual prevalence between 0.09 % and 0.76 %. Electrical fatalities mostly occurred in 20-39-year-olds (59.7 %) and children under 10 (17.2 %), with males (88.9 %) predominantly affected. Most incidents occurred in summer (33.8 %) and December (13.10 %), often outdoors, with illegal connections being the main source of electricity. Geographically, Khayelitsha and Mfuleni reported the highest number of cases. Entrance wounds were primarily on the hands, while exit wounds were commonly on the feet and chest. Most fatalities had abrasions (52.8 %), and histopathology revealed streaming of nuclei in the basal layer of the skin and coagulative necrosis as prevalent findings. Most cases were ruled accidental (97.9 %), and medical intervention was needed in 25.5 %.

Conclusions: This study reveals the prevalence and descriptive profile of electrical fatalities in the Eastern Metropole of the City of Cape Town, highlighting the urgent need for targeted prevention strategies in identified high-risk areas and during peak times. By improving safety measures and enhancing public awareness, we can effectively reduce these preventable electrical fatalities. A collaborative approach involving governmental agencies, community organizations, and the public is crucial in fostering a safer environment and safeguarding lives.

Keywords: Electrical fatalities; Electrocution; South Africa; Unnatural deaths.