The definition of sng: The expert consensus by the sng taxonomy Task force of the Taiwan sng Society

Der-Sheng Han; Jiann-Her Lin; Chih-Hsien Hung; Shuping Huang; Jen-Yin Chen; Yung-Hsiao Chiang; Hsiao-Yean Chiu; Li-Wei Chou; Cheng-Ta Hsieh; Ming-Chyi Huang; Wei-Lieh Huang; Jiunn-Horng Kang; Hsun-Hua Lee; Chia-Shu Lin; Chien-Min Lin; Chih-Peng Lin; Ying-Tung Lin; Yen-Chin Liu; Long-Sun Ro; Chiung-Chyi Shen; Lily I-Wen Su; Yu-Jih Su; Jui-Ming Sun; Jia-Ying Sung; Rong-Kung Tsai; Man-Ling Wang; Yeong-Ray Wen; Hao-Jui Weng; Ming-Shun Wu; Yu-Wen Yu; Sung-Tsang Hsieh; Shuu-Jiun Wang; Wei-Zen Sun; Chih-Cheng Chen

doi:10.1016/j.jfma.2025.04.016

The definition of sng: The expert consensus by the sng taxonomy Task force of the Taiwan sng Society

J Formos Med Assoc. 2025 Apr 25:S0929-6646(25)00185-8. doi: 10.1016/j.jfma.2025.04.016. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Der-Sheng Han¹, Jiann-Her Lin², Chih-Hsien Hung³, Shuping Huang⁴, Jen-Yin Chen⁵, Yung-Hsiao Chiang², Hsiao-Yean Chiu⁶, Li-Wei Chou⁷, Cheng-Ta Hsieh⁸, Ming-Chyi Huang⁹, Wei-Lieh Huang¹⁰, Jiunn-Horng Kang¹¹, Hsun-Hua Lee¹², Chia-Shu Lin¹³, Chien-Min Lin¹⁴, Chih-Peng Lin¹⁵, Ying-Tung Lin¹⁶, Yen-Chin Liu¹⁷, Long-Sun Ro¹⁸, Chiung-Chyi Shen¹⁹, Lily I-Wen Su²⁰, Yu-Jih Su²¹, Jui-Ming Sun²², Jia-Ying Sung²³, Rong-Kung Tsai²⁴, Man-Ling Wang¹⁵, Yeong-Ray Wen²⁵, Hao-Jui Weng²⁶, Ming-Shun Wu²⁷, Yu-Wen Yu²⁸, Sung-Tsang Hsieh²⁹, Shuu-Jiun Wang³⁰, Wei-Zen Sun³¹, Chih-Cheng Chen³²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital, Beihu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
² Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; TMU Research Center of Neuroscience, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
³ Department of Neurology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
⁴ Department of Foreign Languages and Literature, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
⁵ Department of Anesthesiology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan; School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
⁶ School of Nursing, College of Nursing, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
⁷ Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Asia University Hospital, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan; Department of Physical Therapy and Graduate Institute of Rehabilitation Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
⁸ Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; School of Medicine, National Tsing-Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
⁹ Department of Psychiatry, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
¹⁰ Department of Psychiatry, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin, Taiwan.
¹¹ Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Nanomedicine and Medical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Research Center of Artificial Intelligence in Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
¹² Department of Neurology, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
¹³ Department of Dentistry, College of Dentistry, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
¹⁴ Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurosurgery, Ministry of Health and Welfare Shuang-Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
¹⁵ Department of Anesthesiology, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
¹⁶ Institute of Philosophy of Mind and Cognition, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
¹⁷ Department of Anesthesiology, Kaohsiung Municipal Siaogang Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, School of Post-Baccalaureate, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Department of Anesthesiology, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
¹⁸ Department of Neurology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou Medical Center and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan.
¹⁹ Department of Neurosurgery, Neurological Institute, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
²⁰ Graduate Institute of Linguistics, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
²¹ School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan; Division of Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
²² Section of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Ditmanson Medical Foundation, Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chia-Yi City, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, School of Nursing, Fooyin University, Kaohsiung City, Taiwan.
²³ Taipei Neuroscience Institute, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
²⁴ Institute of Eye Research, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan; Institute of Medical Sciences, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
²⁵ Chun Chuan Orthopedic and Pain Specialty Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
²⁶ Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, Taipei Medical University-Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan; Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
²⁷ Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Wan Fang Hospital, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
²⁸ Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan.
²⁹ Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
³⁰ College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan; Neurological Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
³¹ Department of Anesthesiology, Pain Management Center, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Health Science & Wellness Center, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: wzsun@ntu.edu.tw.
³² Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan; Neuroscience Program of Academia Sinica, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address: chih@ibms.sinica.edu.tw.

PMID: 40287370
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfma.2025.04.016

Abstract

"Sng" is a Taiwanese term describing a distinct state of soreness. Accumulating evidence indicates that sng is a specific somatosensory modality, independent of pain, with distinct receptors and transduction pathways. In recent years, variations in its presentation across different medical specialties have highlighted the need for a standardized definition of sng-related terminology. To address this, the Taiwan Sng Society established a multidisciplinary Sng Taxonomy Task Force, comprising 32 experts in both clinical and basic sciences related to sng. Here we summarize the discussions and expert consensus from the Task Force. A total of 16 sng-related terminology was defined. The first edition of sng terminology aims to establish a clear, standardized framework for the clinical practice and research of sng.

Keywords: Definition; Sngception; Taxonomy; Terminology; sng.

Publication types

Review