Wound, pressure ulcer, and burn guidelines - 3: Guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of diabetic ulcers and gangrene, second edition

J Dermatol. 2025 Jun;52(6):e391-e429. doi: 10.1111/1346-8138.17697. Epub 2025 Apr 28.

Abstract

The Japanese Dermatological Association aimed to prepare a second edition of guidelines for the management of diabetic ulcer/gangrene with emphasis on the diagnosis and treatment of skin symptoms. This new edition serves as a tool to improve the quality of the diagnosis and treatment in each patient and, further, to improve the level of care for such skin conditions. All sections have been updated by collecting documents published since the publication of the first edition. In the antibacterial drug treatment for bacterial infection of ulcers, oral administration was added after consideration. In the treatment of antibacterial drugs for bacterial infection of ulcers, not only infusion but also oral administration was mentioned. In addition, clinical questions (CQs) for imaging tests for diagnosing ischemia of the limbs were newly created. The titles of some CQs were changed to conform to the actual clinical setting. (i) The content has been updated by adding and collecting documents for all sections; (ii) we have additionally included oral antibiotic treatment for bacterial infection of ulcers; (iii) we have added CQs pertaining to imaging tests for diagnosing ischemia of the limbs; and (iv) we have revised the titles of some CQs to conform to the actual clinical setting. In particular, the recommendation levels of dressing materials newly covered by Japanese national health insurance are mentioned. In addition, CQs regarding the initial treatment of electrical (CQ15) and chemical burns (CQ16), and the use of escharotomy (CQ22) have been created.

Keywords: diabetic complications; diabetic gangrene; diabetic skin ulcer; guideline; therapy.

Publication types

  • Practice Guideline

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / administration & dosage
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / therapeutic use
  • Bandages
  • Burns* / diagnosis
  • Burns* / therapy
  • Diabetic Foot* / diagnosis
  • Diabetic Foot* / therapy
  • Gangrene* / diagnosis
  • Gangrene* / therapy
  • Humans
  • Japan
  • Pressure Ulcer* / diagnosis
  • Pressure Ulcer* / therapy

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents