Long-term changes in lipid indices following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass: a meta-analysis

Abstract

Introduction: Bariatric surgery yields clinically significant long-term weight loss accompanied by marked improvements in numerous weight-related comorbidities including type 2 diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, obstructive sleep apnea, and fatty liver disease.

Objective: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effect of (RYGB) surgery on lipid profile.

Data source: We searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Scholar from inception to May 20th, 2024.

Studies selection: Clinical studies that reported lipid profile data with a follow-up of at least 5 years after RYGB were eligible.

Data extraction: Two independent reviewers extracted data and assessed the risk of bias.

Results: Of the 4922 articles identified from our database search, 38 studies that measured lipid profile following RYGB were identified and selected for the analysis. Compared to pre-surgery, at post-surgery follow-up of ≥ 5 years, RYGB was associated with significant reductions in mean total cholesterol (TC) (WMD: - 17.95 mg/dl, 95% CI: - 22.68, - 13.22, 95% PI: - 46.18, 10.27 p < 0.001; I²:92.3), LDL-cholesterol (WMD: - 18.55 mg/dl, 95% CI: -21.85, -15.25, 95% PI: - 39.01, 1.92 p < 0.001; I²:91.8), and triglycerides (WMD: - 60.76 mg/dl, 95% CI: - 66.29, - 55.22, 95% PI: - 91.24, - 30.27 p < 0.001; I²:83.7), and increase in HDL-cholesterol (WMD: 13.75 mg/dl, 95% CI: 12.38, 15.13, 95% PI: 5.32, 22.19 p < 0.001; I²:91.4).

Conclusion: RYBG is associated with clinically significant large improvements in serum lipids at a post-operative follow-up of 5 years or more.

Keywords: Bariatric surgery; Lipid profile; Roux-en-Y gastric bypass.