YAP/TAZ activity in PDGFRα-expressing alveolar fibroblasts modulates AT2 proliferation through Wnt4

Cell Rep. 2025 May 27;44(5):115645. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115645. Epub 2025 May 5.

Abstract

The Hippo pathway, mediated by its transcriptional effectors Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP) and WW-domain-containing transcription regulator 1 (TAZ), is crucial in maintaining lung homeostasis and facilitating injury repair. While its roles in epithelial cells are well established, its regulatory effects on lung fibroblasts remain less understood. We engineered a mouse model for the inducible knockdown of YAP/TAZ and showed that fibroblast-specific knockdown enhances PDGFRα+ alveolar fibroblasts' support for alveolar-epithelial-stem-cell-derived organoids in vitro. Single-cell profiling revealed changes in fibroblast subpopulations, including the emergence of a Wnt4+ enriched subpopulation. Epigenomic analyses revealed shifts in transcription factor motif enrichment in both fibroblasts and epithelial cells due to fibroblast YAP/TAZ suppression. Further computational and in vivo analyses confirmed increased Wnt signaling and Wnt4 expression in PDGFRα-lineage+ fibroblasts, which enhanced SPC+ alveolar type 2 (AT2) cell proliferation. These findings highlight a mechanistic role of YAP/TAZ in PDGFRα+ alveolar fibroblasts in supporting AT2 cell maintenance and proliferation via Wnt4 secretion.

Keywords: CP: Stem cell research; PDGFRα+ alveolar fibroblasts; Wnt; Wnt4; YAP/TAZ; alveolar niche; alveolar type 2 proliferation; lung regeneration.

MeSH terms

  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing* / metabolism
  • Alveolar Epithelial Cells* / cytology
  • Alveolar Epithelial Cells* / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Cell Cycle Proteins* / metabolism
  • Cell Proliferation
  • Fibroblasts* / cytology
  • Fibroblasts* / metabolism
  • Mice
  • Pulmonary Alveoli* / cytology
  • Pulmonary Alveoli* / metabolism
  • Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha* / metabolism
  • Trans-Activators / metabolism
  • Transcription Factors* / metabolism
  • Transcriptional Coactivator with PDZ-Binding Motif Proteins
  • Wnt Signaling Pathway
  • Wnt4 Protein* / genetics
  • Wnt4 Protein* / metabolism
  • YAP-Signaling Proteins

Substances

  • Receptor, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor alpha
  • Wnt4 Protein
  • YAP-Signaling Proteins
  • Yap1 protein, mouse
  • Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
  • Wnt4 protein, mouse
  • Cell Cycle Proteins
  • Transcription Factors
  • Wwtr1 protein, mouse
  • Transcriptional Coactivator with PDZ-Binding Motif Proteins
  • Trans-Activators