Abstract
Whether combination neoadjuvant immunotherapy can enhance response in patients with head and neck cancer remains unclear. Recently, Li et al. demonstrated improved responses with neoadjuvant anti-PD-1+CTLA-4 or anti-PD-1+LAG-3 compared with anti-PD-1 monotherapy. These combination strategies act via different mechanisms with distinct biomarkers of response, highlighting the potential for personalized neoadjuvant immunotherapy approaches.
Keywords:
head and neck cancer; immune checkpoint inhibitor; neoadjuvant immunotherapy; single-cell RNA sequencing.
Copyright © 2025 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
MeSH terms
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Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols* / pharmacology
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Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols* / therapeutic use
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Biomarkers, Tumor
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CTLA-4 Antigen / antagonists & inhibitors
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CTLA-4 Antigen / immunology
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Head and Neck Neoplasms* / drug therapy
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Head and Neck Neoplasms* / immunology
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Head and Neck Neoplasms* / pathology
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Head and Neck Neoplasms* / therapy
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Humans
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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors* / pharmacology
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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors* / therapeutic use
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Immunotherapy* / methods
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Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3 Protein
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Neoadjuvant Therapy / methods
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Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / antagonists & inhibitors
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Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor / immunology
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Treatment Outcome
Substances
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Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors
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Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor
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CTLA-4 Antigen
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PDCD1 protein, human
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Lymphocyte Activation Gene 3 Protein
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Lag3 protein, human
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CTLA4 protein, human
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Biomarkers, Tumor