Background: Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a heterogeneous hematological malignancy with different molecular and genetic alterations. CD155 is expressed on myeloid cells and serves as a recognition molecule for natural killer (NK) cells to induce cytotoxicity. This study aimed to assess the prognostic and predictive value of CD155 in patients with AML.
Methods: We studied the expression of CD155 via flow cytometry in 93 AML patients at initial diagnosis at the Medical Oncology Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute (SECI), Egypt.
Results: Flow cytometry revealed that a mean fluorescence intensity ratio (MFIR) ≥2.68 was associated with high CD155 expression. This criterion was met in 62 patients (66.7%). High expression was associated with a worse composite complete remission (CRc) rate than low expression (29.0 vs. 54.8%; P = 0.015). High CD155 expression had significantly shorter relapse-free survival (RFS), with a median of 1.68 (95% CI 0.92-2.43) months (P = 0.015), and overall survival (OS), with a median of 1.68 (95% CI 0.74-2.88) months (P = 0.041).
Conclusions: High expression of CD155 in adult patients with AML is associated with a lower CRc, shorter RFS, and OS. It could be included within the predictive and prognostic panels.
Keywords: Acute Myeloid Leukemia; CD155; Survival.
© 2025. The Author(s).