Oral 8-aminoguanine against age-related retinal degeneration

Commun Biol. 2025 May 26;8(1):812. doi: 10.1038/s42003-025-08242-1.

Abstract

Vision decline in the elderly, often due to retinal aging, predisposes individuals to pathologies like age-related macular degeneration. Currently, there are few effective oral treatments for this condition. Our study introduces an oral agent, 8-aminoguanine (8-AG), which targets age-related retinal degeneration using an aged Fischer 344 rat model. When administered in drinking water at a low dose for 8 weeks starting at 22 months of age, 8-AG significantly preserves retinal structure and function, as evidenced by increased retinal thickness, enhanced photoreceptor integrity, and improved electroretinogram responses. 8-AG reduces apoptosis, oxidative damage, and microglial/macrophage activation in aging retinae. 8-AG also mitigates retinal inflammation at transcriptional and cytokine levels. Extending treatment to 17 weeks further amplifies these protective effects. Given its efficacy in various disease models, 8-AG shows great promise as an anti-aging compound with the potential to mitigate common hallmarks of aging.

MeSH terms

  • Administration, Oral
  • Aging* / drug effects
  • Animals
  • Apoptosis / drug effects
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Guanine* / administration & dosage
  • Guanine* / analogs & derivatives
  • Guanine* / pharmacology
  • Male
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects
  • Rats
  • Rats, Inbred F344
  • Retina / drug effects
  • Retina / pathology
  • Retinal Degeneration* / drug therapy
  • Retinal Degeneration* / pathology

Substances

  • Guanine

Grants and funding