Physical Health Consequences of Vicarious Trauma: Prospective Relationship Between Hospital Patient Care Worker Vicarious Trauma Symptoms and Gastrointestinal Disorders

J Occup Environ Med. 2025 Aug 1;67(8):654-665. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003432. Epub 2025 May 28.

Abstract

Objective: Vicarious trauma (VT) is "secondhand" trauma healthcare workers experience when interacting with trauma survivors. The prospective relationship between workers' VT symptoms and physical health has not been studied.

Methods: Survey data from 775 hospital workers were linked to health insurance expenditures to identify stress-related conditions known as disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBIs) occurrence within 1-year follow-up. VT symptoms (modeled continuously and categorically) and conditional odds of developing DGBI were assessed with multilevel logistic regression.

Results: Conditional odds of DGBI increased 4% for every one-point increase in VT symptom score (95% confidence interval, 0.98 to 1.11; P = 0.17). Participants with high versus low VT symptoms had 3.40-times the conditional odds of DGBI (95% confidence interval, 1.44 to 8.06; P = 0.01).

Conclusion: Workers with high versus low VT symptoms had significantly higher odds of developing DGBIs, indicating that VT may adversely impact workers' physical health.

Keywords: claims data; disorders of gut-brain interaction; gastrointestinal disorders; healthcare workers; hospitals; occupational stress; vicarious trauma.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Compassion Fatigue* / complications
  • Compassion Fatigue* / epidemiology
  • Compassion Fatigue* / psychology
  • Female
  • Gastrointestinal Diseases* / epidemiology
  • Gastrointestinal Diseases* / etiology
  • Gastrointestinal Diseases* / psychology
  • Humans
  • Logistic Models
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Personnel, Hospital* / psychology
  • Prospective Studies
  • Surveys and Questionnaires