High diversity of dietary flavonoid intake is associated with a lower risk of all-cause mortality and major chronic diseases

Nat Food. 2025 Jul;6(7):668-680. doi: 10.1038/s43016-025-01176-1. Epub 2025 Jun 2.

Abstract

Higher habitual intakes of dietary flavonoids have been linked with a lower risk of all-cause mortality and major chronic disease. Yet, the contribution of diversity of flavonoid intake to health outcomes remains to be investigated. Here, using a cohort of 124,805 UK Biobank participants, we show that participants who consumed the widest diversity of dietary flavonoids, flavonoid-rich foods and/or specific flavonoid subclasses had a 6-20% significantly lower risk of all-cause mortality and incidence of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes, cancer, respiratory disease and neurodegenerative disease. Furthermore, we report that both quantity and diversity of flavonoids are independent predictors of mortality and several chronic diseases, suggesting that consuming a higher quantity and wider diversity is better for longer-term health than either component alone. These findings suggest that consuming several different daily servings of flavonoid-rich foods or beverages, such as tea, berries, apples, oranges or grapes, may lower risk of all-cause mortality and chronic disease.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / epidemiology
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / mortality
  • Cardiovascular Diseases / prevention & control
  • Chronic Disease / epidemiology
  • Chronic Disease / mortality
  • Chronic Disease / prevention & control
  • Cohort Studies
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / epidemiology
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / mortality
  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / prevention & control
  • Diet*
  • Female
  • Flavonoids* / administration & dosage
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Mortality
  • Neoplasms / mortality
  • Neoplasms / prevention & control
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases / mortality
  • Neurodegenerative Diseases / prevention & control
  • Risk Factors
  • United Kingdom / epidemiology

Substances

  • Flavonoids