Background/Objectives: Vibration foam rolling (VFR) has emerged as a popular intervention in sports and rehabilitation settings to enhance recovery and flexibility. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effects of VFR on pain, fatigue, and range of motion (ROM) in individuals experiencing exercise-induced muscle fatigue and to assess its clinical applicability. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted across five databases: PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, Web of Science, and CINAHL. Studies were included if they involved participants with muscle fatigue, applied VFR as an intervention, and measured outcomes related to pain, fatigue, or ROM. Methodological quality was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal tools. Results: Eight studies published between 2019 and 2024 met the inclusion criteria. VFR showed beneficial effects in reducing delayed onset muscle soreness, improving pressure pain threshold, and lowering subjective fatigue. Several studies also reported increased ROM in specific joints, including the hip and knee. However, findings across studies were inconsistent, particularly in physiological markers such as muscle oxygen saturation and blood flow parameters, where statistically significant differences were not always observed. Conclusions: VFR may offer potential benefits for pain relief, fatigue recovery, and ROM improvement in fatigued individuals. Nonetheless, its effects remain difficult to isolate from those of mechanical pressure and friction associated with foam rolling. Future studies with standardized intervention protocols and long-term follow-up are needed to clarify the independent role of vibration in recovery outcomes.
Keywords: exercise; muscle fatigue; pain; range of motion; rehabilitation; vibration foam rolling.