Evidence of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering with COHERENT's Germanium Array

S Adamski; M Ahn; P S Barbeau; V Belov; I Bernardi; C Bock; A Bolozdynya; R Bouabid; J Browning; B Cabrera-Palmer; N Cedarblade-Jones; A I Colón Rivera; E Conley; V da Silva; J Daughhetee; J Detwiler; K Ding; M R Durand; Y Efremenko; S R Elliott; A Erlandson; L Fabris; A Galindo-Uribarri; M P Green; J Hakenmüller; M R Heath; S Hedges; H Jeong; B A Johnson; T Johnson; H Jones; A Khromov; D Kim; A Konovalov; E Kozlova; A Kumpan; O Kyzylova; Y Lee; G Li; L Li; J M Link; J Liu; M Luxnat; A Major; K Mann; D M Markoff; J Mattingly; J Moye; P E Mueller; J Newby; N Ogoi; J O'Reilly; D S Parno; D Pérez-Loureiro; D Pershey; C G Prior; J Queen; R Rapp; H Ray; O Razuvaeva; D Reyna; G C Rich; D Rudik; J Runge; D J Salvat; J Sander; K Scholberg; A Shakirov; G Simakov; W M Snow; V Sosnovtsev; M Stringer; T Subedi; B Suh; B Sur; R Tayloe; K Tellez-Giron-Flores; Y-T Tsai; E E van Nieuwenhuizen; C J Virtue; G Visser; K Walkup; E M Ward; T Wongjirad; Y Yang; J Yoo; C-H Yu; A Zaalishvili; COHERENT Collaboration

doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.231801

Evidence of Coherent Elastic Neutrino-Nucleus Scattering with COHERENT's Germanium Array

Phys Rev Lett. 2025 Jun 13;134(23):231801. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.231801.

Authors

S Adamski¹, M Ahn², P S Barbeau^{3

4}, V Belov^{5

6}, I Bernardi⁷, C Bock⁸, A Bolozdynya⁵, R Bouabid^{3

4}, J Browning⁹, B Cabrera-Palmer¹⁰, N Cedarblade-Jones^{3

4}, A I Colón Rivera^{3

4}, E Conley³, V da Silva¹¹, J Daughhetee¹², J Detwiler¹³, K Ding⁸, M R Durand¹³, Y Efremenko^{7

12}, S R Elliott¹⁴, A Erlandson¹⁵, L Fabris¹², A Galindo-Uribarri^{7

12}, M P Green^{4

9

12}, J Hakenmüller³, M R Heath¹², S Hedges^{3

4}, H Jeong², B A Johnson¹⁶, T Johnson^{3

4}, H Jones⁹, A Khromov⁵, D Kim², A Konovalov⁵, E Kozlova⁵, A Kumpan⁵, O Kyzylova¹⁷, Y Lee², G Li¹⁸, L Li^{3

4}, J M Link¹⁷, J Liu⁸, M Luxnat¹⁶, A Major³, K Mann⁹, D M Markoff^{4

19}, J Mattingly²⁰, J Moye¹⁸, P E Mueller¹², J Newby¹², N Ogoi^{4

19}, J O'Reilly³, D S Parno¹⁸, D Pérez-Loureiro¹⁵, D Pershey²¹, C G Prior^{3

4}, J Queen³, R Rapp¹, H Ray²², O Razuvaeva^{5

6}, D Reyna¹⁰, G C Rich⁴, D Rudik⁵, J Runge^{3

4}, D J Salvat¹⁶, J Sander⁸, K Scholberg³, A Shakirov⁵, G Simakov^{5

6}, W M Snow¹⁶, V Sosnovtsev⁵, M Stringer¹⁵, T Subedi²³, B Suh¹⁶, B Sur¹⁵, R Tayloe¹⁶, K Tellez-Giron-Flores¹⁷, Y-T Tsai²⁴, E E van Nieuwenhuizen^{3

4}, C J Virtue²⁵, G Visser¹⁶, K Walkup¹⁷, E M Ward⁷, T Wongjirad¹¹, Y Yang⁸, J Yoo², C-H Yu¹², A Zaalishvili^{3

4}; COHERENT Collaboration

Affiliations

¹ Washington & Jefferson College, Washington, Pennsylvania 15301, USA.
² Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul, 08826, Korea.
³ Department of Physics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
⁴ Triangle Universities Nuclear Laboratory, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
⁵ National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), Moscow, 115409, Russian Federation.
⁶ National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow, 123182, Russian Federation.
⁷ Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA.
⁸ Department of Physics, University of South Dakota, Vermillion, South Dakota 57069, USA.
⁹ Department of Physics, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA.
¹⁰ Sandia National Laboratories, Livermore, California 94550, USA.
¹¹ Department of Physics and Astronomy, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts 02155, USA.
¹² Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA.
¹³ Center for Experimental Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics & Department of Physics, University of Washington, Seattle, Washingotn 98195, USA.
¹⁴ Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA.
¹⁵ Canadian Nuclear Laboratories Ltd, Chalk River, Ontario, K0J 1J0, Canada.
¹⁶ Department of Physics, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA.
¹⁷ Center for Neutrino Physics, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA.
¹⁸ Department of Physics, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
¹⁹ Department of Mathematics and Physics, North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA.
²⁰ Department of Nuclear Engineering, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, North Carolina 27695, USA.
²¹ Department of Physics, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA.
²² Department of Physics, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
²³ Department of Physical and Environmental Sciences, Concord University, Athens, West Virginia 24712, USA.
²⁴ SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, California 94025, USA.
²⁵ Department of Physics, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, P3E 2C6, Canada.

PMID: 40577756
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.134.231801

Abstract

We report the first detection of coherent elastic neutrino-nucleus scattering (CEvNS) on natural germanium, measured at the Spallation Neutron Source at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. The Ge-Mini detector of the COHERENT collaboration employs large-mass, low-noise, high-purity germanium spectrometers, enabling excellent energy resolution, and an analysis threshold of 1.5 keV electron-equivalent ionization energy. We observe an on-beam excess of 20.6_{-6.3}^{+7.1} counts with a total exposure of 10.22 GWhkg, and we reject the no-CEvNS hypothesis with 3.9σ significance. The result agrees with the predicted standard model of particle physics signal rate within 2σ.