The mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation skills in the relationship between romantic relationship satisfaction and eating attitudes

BMC Psychol. 2025 Jul 1;13(1):713. doi: 10.1186/s40359-025-02868-w.

Abstract

Background: Romantic relationship satisfaction has been linked to psychological outcomes, including emotional well-being and eating behaviors. However, the mechanisms underlying this relationship remain unclear. This study examines the mediating role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies-particularly catastrophizing-in the relationship between romantic relationship satisfaction and eating attitudes.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 355 university students. Participants completed the Relationship Satisfaction Scale, the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (CERQ), and the Eating Attitudes Test-26 (EAT-26). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was performed using AMOS and R with robust maximum likelihood estimation. Model fit was evaluated using χ2/df, CFI, GFI, RMSEA, and SRMR.

Results: Catastrophizing significantly mediated the relationship between romantic relationship satisfaction and eating attitudes. Romantic relationship satisfaction was negatively associated with catastrophizing (β = -0.18, p = .028), and catastrophizing was positively associated with problematic eating attitudes (β = 0.35, p < .001). The direct effect of romantic relationship satisfaction on eating attitudes was not statistically significant (β = -0.12, p = .104), indicating full mediation. Acceptance did not significantly mediate the relationship (p = .348). Gender differences were observed: women scored significantly higher on rumination, dieting, and bulimia/food preoccupation (p < .05).

Conclusions: These findings highlight the role of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation-specifically catastrophizing-in linking romantic relationship dissatisfaction with disordered eating attitudes. Targeting catastrophizing in interventions may improve both relationship satisfaction and eating behaviors.

Keywords: Catastrophizing; Cognitive emotion regulation; Eating attitudes; Maladaptive stratejies; Romantic relationship Satisfaction.

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Attitude*
  • Catastrophization* / psychology
  • Cognition*
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Emotional Regulation* / physiology
  • Feeding Behavior* / psychology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Interpersonal Relations*
  • Male
  • Personal Satisfaction*
  • Surveys and Questionnaires
  • Young Adult