Immunotherapy Complications: Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors

Abstract

Immunotherapy is rapidly expanding to include a growing list of immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and indications for their use in the growing population of patients with cancer. Immune-related adverse events (irAEs) are common in patients receiving ICI therapy and greatly varied, affecting most organ systems. This diversity of symptoms that often mimic other disease processes and variable timeline of onset poses a particular challenge to emergency physicians in the acute care setting. This article presents a detailed overview of irAEs evaluation and management by organ system.

Keywords: Acute care; Emergency department; Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI); Immune-related adverse events (irAEs).