Cross-genotype immunogenicity and antibody-dependent enhancement of KD-382 dengue vaccine in flavivirus-naïve adults

Jean Claude Balingit; Motoharu Abe; Ryosuke Suzuki; Dalouny Xayavong; Mya Myat Ngwe Tun; Yuki Takamatsu; Kengo Sonoda; Kouichi Morita

doi:10.1038/s41541-025-01204-y

Cross-genotype immunogenicity and antibody-dependent enhancement of KD-382 dengue vaccine in flavivirus-naïve adults

NPJ Vaccines. 2025 Jul 9;10(1):148. doi: 10.1038/s41541-025-01204-y.

Authors

Jean Claude Balingit¹, Motoharu Abe^{1

2}, Ryosuke Suzuki³, Dalouny Xayavong⁴, Mya Myat Ngwe Tun^{1

4

5}, Yuki Takamatsu^{1

4}, Kengo Sonoda², Kouichi Morita^{6

7

8}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Tropical Viral Vaccine Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, Japan.
² CMC Development Division, KM Biologics Co., Ltd., Kikuchi City, Kumamoto, Japan.
³ Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Murayama Branch, Musashimurayama City, Tokyo, Japan.
⁴ Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, Japan.
⁵ Center for Vaccines and Therapeutic Antibodies for Emerging Infectious Diseases, Shimane University, Izumo City, Shimane, Japan.
⁶ Department of Tropical Viral Vaccine Development, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, Japan. moritak@nagasaki-u.ac.jp.
⁷ Department of Virology, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, Japan. moritak@nagasaki-u.ac.jp.
⁸ DEJIMA Infectious Disease Research Alliance, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki City, Nagasaki, Japan. moritak@nagasaki-u.ac.jp.

Abstract

This exploratory study evaluated the neutralization breadth and potential antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) risk following a single-dose of the KD-382 live-attenuated tetravalent dengue vaccine over 12 months in flavivirus-naïve healthy adults. Using single-round infectious particles representing 17 dengue virus genotypes, KD-382-induced antibodies demonstrated durable cross-genotype neutralizing activity, with minimal in vitro ADE risk. These findings highlight KD-382's potential for broad protection and underscore the importance of long-term monitoring in dengue-naïve populations.

Grants and funding

JP233fa627004h002/Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development