C7ORF41 Alleviates Ferroptosis Via the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Axis in Endotoxin-Associated Acute Kidney Injury

Inflammation. 2025 Dec;48(6):4414-4427. doi: 10.1007/s10753-025-02334-0. Epub 2025 Jul 14.

Abstract

Endotoxin-associated acute kidney injury (EA-AKI) is a critical complication in intensive care units. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation, has been implicated in EA-AKI; however, its regulatory mechanisms remain unclear. Prior research links C7ORF41 to anti-inflammatory effects and cellular stress regulation. This study aimed to investigate the role of C7ORF41 in EA-AKI and its connection with ferroptosis. We used C7ORF41 knockout (KO) mice and wild-type (WT) mice to evaluate the impact of C7ORF41 on renal function and ferroptosis in an LPS-induced AKI model. Human renal cortical proximal tubular epithelial (HK-2) cells were transfected with C7ORF41 shRNA or control vector to study the role of C7ORF41 in ferroptosis in vitro. We measured serum creatinine (sCr), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), and glutathione (GSH) levels, as well as the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins. C7ORF41 expression was decreased in the kidneys of endotoxemic mice and in LPS-treated HK-2 cells. C7ORF41 deficiency significantly exacerbated LPS-induced lipid peroxidation, tissue damage, and renal dysfunction. In vitro, C7ORF41 knockdown increased ferroptotic cell death, lipid ROS, and decreased GPX4 expression. Mechanistically, C7ORF41 deficiency promotes ferroptosis in EA-AKI through the Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 axis, highlighting its potential as a therapeutic target for EA-AKI treatment. This study provides new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying ferroptosis in EA-AKI and offers a potential therapeutic strategy for this severe clinical condition.

Keywords: Acute kidney injury; C7ORF41; Ferroptosis; Keap1; LPS; Nrf2/HO-1.

MeSH terms

  • Acute Kidney Injury* / chemically induced
  • Acute Kidney Injury* / metabolism
  • Acute Kidney Injury* / pathology
  • Animals
  • Cell Line
  • Endotoxins / toxicity
  • Ferroptosis* / drug effects
  • Ferroptosis* / physiology
  • Heme Oxygenase-1* / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1* / metabolism
  • Lipopolysaccharides / toxicity
  • Membrane Proteins
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • Mice, Knockout
  • NF-E2-Related Factor 2* / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction

Substances

  • Kelch-Like ECH-Associated Protein 1
  • NF-E2-Related Factor 2
  • Heme Oxygenase-1
  • Keap1 protein, mouse
  • Nfe2l2 protein, mouse
  • Lipopolysaccharides
  • Endotoxins
  • Hmox1 protein, mouse
  • Membrane Proteins