Recent data underscores a critical public health issue: more than 40 % of the global population suffers from neurological conditions, for which no cures currently exist. To combat this pressing challenge, researchers are turning to phytochemicals-bioactive compounds derived from plants that hold promising health benefits, particularly for cognitive function. This chapter intends to shed light on groundbreaking discoveries regarding curcumin, isoflavonoids, and cardiotonic steroids, natural compounds that act on the brain. These substances have shown significant potential for enhancing brain health as we age, especially in addressing neurodegenerative processes such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. We will also examine the intricate molecular mechanisms these compounds activate to offer neuroprotection, supported by both in vitro and in vivo studies. Furthermore, we will analyze clinical trials that inspire optimism for the development of innovative therapeutic drugs in the near future. Supporting research in this area could be vital to transforming the landscape of neurological health.
Keywords: Aging; Alzheimer´s disease; Brain health; Cardiotonic steroids; Curcumin; Isoflavonoids; Ouabain; Parkinson´s disease; Phytochemicals.
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