COVID-19: a vascular nightmare unfolding

Qinan Yin; Youjin Huang; Hulin Wang; Yin Wang; Xuefei Huang; Yujie Song; Yueyuan Wang; Lizhu Han; Bian Yuan

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2025.1593885

COVID-19: a vascular nightmare unfolding

Front Immunol. 2025 Aug 1:16:1593885. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2025.1593885. eCollection 2025.

Authors

Qinan Yin^#¹, Youjin Huang^#², Hulin Wang^#¹, Yin Wang¹, Xuefei Huang¹, Yujie Song¹, Yueyuan Wang¹, Lizhu Han¹, Bian Yuan¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Pharmacy, Personalized Drug Research and Therapy Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.
² Department of Vascular Surgery Center, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences & Sichuan Provincial People's Hospital, School of Medicine, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

The emergence of COVID-19 has been associated with an increased risk of arteriovenous thrombosis, with immune inflammation playing a significant role in the pathogenesis of thrombosis. Numerous drug-related clinical trials have been undertaken to prevent thrombosis, and guidelines for its prevention and treatment are continuously evolving as our understanding of the disease progresses. This article provides a comprehensive review of the mechanisms underlying thrombosis in COVID-19 patients, as well as the advancements in clinical trials and guidelines for thrombosis prevention with pharmacological interventions.

Keywords: COVID-19; anticoagulation; mechanism; thrombosis; vaccine.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Anticoagulants / therapeutic use
COVID-19 Drug Treatment
COVID-19* / complications
COVID-19* / immunology
Humans
SARS-CoV-2*
Thrombosis* / drug therapy
Thrombosis* / etiology
Thrombosis* / prevention & control

Substances

Anticoagulants