In Ovo Xenografting of Patient-Derived Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia (ALL) Cells (PDX-ALL)

J Vis Exp. 2025 Aug 1:(222). doi: 10.3791/68290.

Abstract

This study introduces a rapid, cost-effective, and efficient method for in ovo xenografting of patient-derived acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) cells, encompassing both B-cell and T-cell lineages. Using fertilized chicken embryos, we injected patient-derived B-ALL and T-ALL cells into the vasculature of embryos 11 days post-fertilization (11dpf). Remarkably, four days following the injection, the engrafted human leukemia cells exhibited significant survival, proliferation, and vascular colonization within the developing chicken embryo. By 15dpf, we detected a notable increase in CD10/CD19+ B-ALL and CD4/CD8+ T-ALL cells in blood samples from the embryo's vasculature, confirming successful engraftment. This system facilitates efficient and reproducible assessment of leukemia cell behavior in a living organism without the considerable costs and ethical constraints associated with other animal models. This rapid approach provides a high-throughput and biologically relevant in vivo platform for evaluating potential therapeutic compounds. The in ovo patient-derived xenograft (PDX)-ALL system presented here offers a promising tool for preclinical drug screening, mechanistic studies, and potentially for personalized medicine approaches in leukemia research.

Publication types

  • Video-Audio Media
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Chick Embryo
  • Humans
  • Neoplasm Transplantation* / methods
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma* / pathology
  • Transplantation, Heterologous / methods