Neonatal Dermatology

Prim Care. 2025 Sep;52(3):399-416. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2025.04.002. Epub 2025 May 26.

Abstract

Neonatal dermatologic conditions are common, mostly benign, and often self-limited. Recognizing these conditions is essential for appropriate anticipatory guidance and identifying when further evaluation or referral is necessary. This article covers physiologic desquamation, common abdominal findings such as diastasis recti and umbilical anomalies, transient pustular and vesicular conditions, birthmarks, keratin-filled cysts, vasomotor phenomena, and various common dermatitides. Key distinguishing features, management strategies, and indications for referral are reviewed to aid clinicians in differentiating benign conditions from those requiring intervention.

Keywords: Café au lait macule; Congenital dermal melanocytosis; Cutis marmorata; Erythema toxicum; Milia; Neonatal dermatology; Nevus simplex; Transient pustular melanosis.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Dermatology*
  • Diagnosis, Differential
  • Humans
  • Infant, Newborn
  • Infant, Newborn, Diseases* / diagnosis
  • Infant, Newborn, Diseases* / therapy
  • Primary Health Care
  • Skin Diseases* / diagnosis
  • Skin Diseases* / therapy