A Vivo-Morpholino-Based Approach to Block Paralog-Specific SUMOylation

Methods Mol Biol. 2025:2957:191-206. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-4710-3_14.

Abstract

We present an innovative method to specifically decrease SUMO2 SUMOylation by using a set of vivo-morpholinos inducing an alternative splicing event that produces a mRNA coding for SUMO2alpha, a non-conjugatable form of SUMO2. This method, also applicable to target SUMO1 and SUMO3, provides an alternative approach to assess the function of the various SUMO paralogs in different cells and the SUMO paralog preference of any given SUMO target.

Keywords: Alternative splicing; Exon-skipping; Morpholino; Non-conjugatable; SUMO2; SUMO2𝛼; Vivo-morpholino.

MeSH terms

  • Alternative Splicing
  • Animals
  • Humans
  • Morpholinos* / genetics
  • RNA, Messenger / genetics
  • SUMO-1 Protein / genetics
  • SUMO-1 Protein / metabolism
  • Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins* / genetics
  • Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins* / metabolism
  • Sumoylation* / genetics

Substances

  • Small Ubiquitin-Related Modifier Proteins
  • Morpholinos
  • SUMO2 protein, human
  • SUMO-1 Protein
  • RNA, Messenger