Exploring patient-provider communication experiences of Asian Indian patients in the United States: A scoping review

Patient Educ Couns. 2025 Dec:141:109320. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2025.109320. Epub 2025 Aug 29.

Abstract

Objectives: Effective provider-patient communication directly influences patient satisfaction, treatment adherence, and health outcomes, yet the unique experiences of Asian Indians-one of the fastest-growing U.S. subpopulations-remain underexplored. This scoping review mapped existing research about patient-provider communication of Asian Indian patients in the U.S. healthcare system.

Methods: Five databases were searched through January 2025: APA PsycINFO, CINAHL, Communication and Mass Media, MEDLINE, and Web of Science. The Joanna Briggs Institute guidelines for scoping reviews were followed as well as PRISM-Scr reporting guidelines.

Results: Out of 559 records identified through data base searches and 10 by other means, 11 articles met inclusion criteria. Findings revealed a focus on first-generation immigrants, and, to a lesser extent, on women and the elderly. Communication issues examined in the included studies were respect and trust in patient-provider relationships, cultural stigma and misunderstandings, family involvement in care, provider gender and ethnic concordance, language barriers, and patient engagement and decision-making. A heavy reliance on qualitative methods such as interviews was evident.

Conclusion: The current evidence base remains fragmented, with methodological limitations. These gaps are not just academic concerns; they also have direct consequences for health equity, treatment adherence, and patient safety. As the Asian Indian population continues to grow, research investigating culturally competent, evidence-based communication strategies will be essential to delivering effective patient-centered care.

Keywords: Asian Indians; Evidence synthesis; Indian Americans; Patient-provider communication; Patient-provider relationship; Scoping review.

Publication types

  • Scoping Review

MeSH terms

  • Asian* / psychology
  • Communication Barriers
  • Communication*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • India / ethnology
  • Male
  • Patient Satisfaction
  • Physician-Patient Relations*
  • South Asian People* / psychology
  • United States