Evaluating the Efficacy and Safety of Deoxycholic Acid Injection in Reduction of Flank Fat

Abstract

Background: Deoxycholic acid (DCA) injection is a noninvasive method for localized fat reduction, offering lower risks compared to invasive techniques. This study evaluates the safety and efficacy of DCA injections for reducing flank fat.

Aims: We assessed the efficacy and safety of DCA injections for flank fat reduction over a 12-week period using imaging, anthropometric data, Global Aesthetic Improvement Scale (GAIS) scoring, participant satisfaction, and standardized adverse event reporting.

Patients/methods: Adults aged 21-65 years with mild to moderate flank fat (≥ 2 cm) received two sessions of 10 mg/mL DCA injections, 6 weeks apart. Standardized ultrasound and caliper measurements were performed prior to each session. Injections were administered at 0.1-0.15 mL per 1 × 1 cm² area, with a maximum of 2 mL per flank per session, following standardized marking and injection protocols.

Results: Thirty participants (mean age 34.9 years; 86.7% female) completed the study. By Week 12, 86.7% showed aesthetic improvement based on GAIS score, with significant reductions in waist circumference and fat thickness (measured using caliper and ultrasound; p < 0.001). The procedure was generally safe, with most adverse events being mild to moderate and limited to the injection site.

Conclusion: DCA injections effectively reduced localized flank fat after two treatment sessions, resulting in significant aesthetic improvements. Adverse events were mostly mild and manageable, with no serious complications.

Keywords: fat injections; lipolysis; noninvasive.