Psychometric Validation of the Chinese Version of Gambling Symptom Assessment Scale (C-GSAS)

Shu-Wei Liu; Su-Chen Fang; Li-Fen Chen; Pei-Chi Tu; Hsuan-Yun Su; Wei-Chien Huang; Po-Chiao Liao; Hu-Ming Chang; Ming-Chyi Huang

doi:10.1007/s10899-025-10414-x

Psychometric Validation of the Chinese Version of Gambling Symptom Assessment Scale (C-GSAS)

J Gambl Stud. 2025 Sep 4. doi: 10.1007/s10899-025-10414-x. Online ahead of print.

Authors

Shu-Wei Liu^#^{1

2}, Su-Chen Fang^#³, Li-Fen Chen^{2

4}, Pei-Chi Tu^{5

6

7

8}, Hsuan-Yun Su¹, Wei-Chien Huang¹, Po-Chiao Liao⁹, Hu-Ming Chang¹⁰, Ming-Chyi Huang^{11

12

13}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Addiction Sciences, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, 309 Song-de Road, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
² Institute of Brain Science, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
³ Department of Nursing, Mackay Medical College, New Taipei City, Taiwan.
⁴ Brain Research Center, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
⁵ Department of Medical Research, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
⁶ Department of Psychiatry, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
⁷ Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
⁸ Institute of Philosophy of Mind and Cognition, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
⁹ Department of Psychiatry, Cathay General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
¹⁰ Department of Addiction Sciences, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, 309 Song-de Road, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. DAU66@tpech.gov.tw.
¹¹ Department of Addiction Sciences, Taipei City Psychiatric Center, Taipei City Hospital, 309 Song-de Road, Taipei, 110, Taiwan. mch@tpech.gov.tw.
¹² Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan. mch@tpech.gov.tw.
¹³ Psychiatric Research Center, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. mch@tpech.gov.tw.

^# Contributed equally.

PMID: 40906062
DOI: 10.1007/s10899-025-10414-x

Abstract

Reliable tools for assessing gambling symptom severity in gambling disorder (GD) are critical for both research and clinical intervention. The Gambling Symptom Assessment Scale (GSAS) is widely used but lacks validation in Chinese-speaking populations. Our study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of GSAS (C-GSAS) among 186 treatment-seeking GD patients. Internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach's α = 0.93), and exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor model: Cognitive-Preparatory and Emotional-Consequential Factors. Confirmatory factor analysis supported the two-factor structure with satisfactory model fit indices. Concurrent validity was established through significant correlations with the Chinese version of Problem Gambling Severity Index (β = 0.32, p < 0.01) and a Visual Analog Scale for gambling craving (β = 0.67, p < 0.01). The C-GSAS is a reliable and valid measure for assessing gambling severity in patients with GD.

Keywords: Chinese; Factor Analysis; GSAS; Gambling Disorder; Psychometric Validation.

Abstract

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