Superparamagnetic Iron Oxide Tracer: A Magnetic Match to Gold Standard in Melanoma Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Abstract

Superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) tracer is a potential option for sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), though its application in melanoma remains minimally explored. This systematic review evaluated the use of SPIO tracer compared to the standard approach for SLNB in melanoma. SPIO demonstrated comparable efficacy and detection rate to the gold standard, with a sensitivity of 94%. Reported adverse events included seroma and black staining. Additional research is required to determine its long-term outcomes. Trial Registration: PROSPERO: CRD 42024613648.

Keywords: magnetic tracer; melanoma; sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB); superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO).