Cross-Sectional Comparison of Physical Activity, Sedentary Behavior, and Sleep in Shift and Nonshift Workers Using Wrist and Thigh Accelerometers

J Occup Environ Med. 2026 Jan 1;68(1):e77-e84. doi: 10.1097/JOM.0000000000003544. Epub 2025 Sep 18.

Abstract

Objective: Investigate differences in device-measured physical activity, sedentary behavior, and sleep between shift and nonshift workers, focusing on variations during work and leisure periods.

Methods: Full-time employed adult participants from Newcastle, Australia, wore thigh and wrist accelerometers for 14 days to assess activity and sleep. Activity was classified into sedentary, standing, light-intensity physical activity, and moderate to vigorous physical activity. Linear mixed models and compositional data analysis were used to assess behavioral time allocation.

Results: Forty-nine participants (shift = 33, nonshift = 16) completed the study. During work periods, shift workers were less sedentary (-79.40 minutes, P = 0.031) and engaged more in light-intensity physical activity (+39.95 minutes, P = 0.044), but were more sedentary during leisure (+93.59 minutes, P = 0.019).

Conclusions: Distinct differences during work and leisure highlight the need for domain-specific analysis.

Keywords: accelerometer; compositional data analysis; occupational health; physical activity; sedentary behavior; shift work; sleep patterns.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Accelerometry* / instrumentation
  • Adult
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Exercise*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Leisure Activities
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Sedentary Behavior*
  • Shift Work Schedule*
  • Sleep* / physiology
  • Thigh
  • Wrist