Modulation of the gut-skin axis by polysaccharides: Mechanisms and therapeutic potential in immune-related skin diseases

Abstract

Immune-related skin diseases are a group of conditions directly driven by the abnormal activation or dysregulation of the immune system. Current clinical treatments for these diseases frequently exhibit limited target specificity, suboptimal sustained efficacy, and potential adverse effects. As an emerging immunomodulatory "organ", gut microbiota has been confirmed by clinical data as a feasible method for the therapy of immune-related skin disorders. Therefore, it is imperative to explore the specific mechanisms by which gut microbiota affects immune-related skin diseases. As potent immunomodulatory agents, accumulating evidence has confirmed that polysaccharides are closely related to gut microbiota. At the same time, researches on polysaccharides targeting gut microbiota for the management of immune-related skin disorders are also increasing annually. This work endeavored to provide a comprehensive summary and exploration of the mechanisms by which gut microbiota affected immune-related skin diseases, and the effect of polysaccharides on gut microbiota. To elucidate the mechanisms by which polysaccharides modulated the gut-skin axis in treating immune-related skin diseases, thereby offering novel therapeutic insights and advancing clinical research and applications.

Keywords: Gut microbiota; Gut-skin axis; Immune-related skin diseases; Polysaccharides.